Nephrotic Syndrome Treatment

Overview

Nephrotic syndrome - Treatment in India

Symptoms of Nephrotic syndrome

Signs and symptoms of nephrotic syndrome include : -

• Swelling (edema), particularly around your eyes and in your ankles and feet
• Foam in the toilet water, which may be caused by excess protein in your urine
• Weight gain due to excess fluid retention
• Loss of appetite
• Vomiting

Causes of Nephrotic syndrome

A filtering role

• High levels of protein in your urine (proteinuria)
• Low levels of the blood protein albumin (hypoalbuminemia)
• Elevated blood levels of cholesterol and triglycerides
• Swelling (edema)

Many possible causes

• Minimal change disease : - The most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children, this disorder results in abnormal kidney function, but when the kidney tissue is examined under a light microscope, it appears normal or nearly normal. The cause of the abnormal function typically can't be determined.
  
  
• Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis : - Characterized by scattered scarring of some of the glomeruli, this condition may result from another disease, a genetic defect or occur for no known reason.
  
  
• Membranous nephropathy : - This kidney disorder is the result of thickening membranes within the glomeruli. The exact cause of the thickening isn't known, but it's sometimes associated with other medical conditions, such as hepatitis B, malaria, lupus and cancer.
  
  
• Diabetic kidney disease : - Diabetes can lead to kidney damage (diabetic nephropathy) that affects the glomeruli, particularly in people with diabetes that's poorly controlled or people who have high blood pressure.
  
  
• Systemic lupus erythematosus : - This chronic inflammatory disease can lead to serious kidney damage.
  
  
• Amyloidosis : - This disorder occurs when substances called amyloid proteins accumulate in your organs. Amyloid buildup often affects the kidneys, damaging their filtering system.

Risk factors of Nephrotic syndrome

Factors that may increase your risk of nephrotic syndrome include : -

• Your sex : - Nephrotic syndrome affects men more often than it does women.
  
  
• Other medical conditions : - The following medical conditions increase your risk of developing nephrotic syndrome: diabetes, lupus, amyloidosis, minimal change disease and other kidney disease.

Tests and diagnosis of Nephrotic syndrome

If your doctor suspects nephrotic syndrome, he or she may recommend the following tests : -

• Urine tests : - A urinalysis will show large amounts of protein in your urine if you have nephrotic syndrome. Fats also may be present in your urine.
  
  
• Blood tests : - If you have nephrotic syndrome, a blood test may show low levels of the protein albumin (hypoalbuminemia) specifically and decreased levels of blood protein overall. Loss of blood protein may cause an increase in blood cholesterol and blood triglycerides. Serum creatinine and blood urea also may be measured to assess your overall kidney function.
  
  
• Kidney biopsy : - A kidney biopsy may be necessary to confirm a diagnosis of the renal cause of nephrotic syndrome. This procedure involves using a special biopsy needle to extract small pieces of kidney tissue under local anesthesia for microscopic examination to search for glomeruli damage. Sometimes special stains of the kidney tissue or special studies, such as electron microscopy, also are necessary for diagnosis. If so, tissue diagnosis may take longer.

Complications of Nephrotic syndrome

Possible complications of nephrotic syndrome include : -

• Blood clots : - The inability of the glomeruli to filter blood properly can lead to loss of blood proteins that help prevent clotting. This increases your risk of developing a blood clot (thrombus) in your veins.
  
  
• High blood cholesterol and elevated blood triglycerides : - When your blood level of the protein albumin falls, your liver makes more albumin. At the same time, your liver releases more cholesterol and triglycerides.
  
  
• Poor nutrition : - Loss of too much blood protein can result in malnutrition. This can lead to weight loss, but it may be masked by edema.
  
  
• High blood pressure : - Damage to your glomeruli and the resulting buildup of wastes in your bloodstream (uremia) can raise your blood pressure.
  
  
• Acute kidney failure : - If your kidneys lose their ability to filter blood due to damage to the glomeruli, waste products may build up quickly in your blood. If this happens, you may need emergency dialysis - an artificial means of removing extra fluids and waste from your blood - typically with an artificial kidney machine (dialyzer).
  
  
• Chronic kidney failure : - Nephrotic syndrome may cause your kidneys to gradually lose their function over time. Kidney function at less than 10 percent to 15 percent of normal capacity is considered end-stage kidney disease, which usually requires dialysis or a kidney transplant.
  
  
• Infection : - Although it's not clear why, people who have nephrotic syndrome are at an increased risk of infection, such as pneumonia.

Treatments and drugs for Nephrotic syndrome

• Diuretics, such as thiazide diuretics, furosemide (Lasix) or spironolactone, to increase your kidneys' output of water and sodium and control edema
  
  
• Statins, such as atorvastatin (Lipitor), fluvastatin (Lescol), lovastatin (Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin (Pravachol), rosuvastatin (Crestor) or simvastatin (Zocor), to lower blood cholesterol
  
  
• Blood thinners (anticoagulants), such as heparin or warfarin (Coumadin), which decrease your blood's ability to clot and reduce your risk of developing blood clots
  
  
• Immunosuppressive medications, such as corticosteroids, to decrease the inflammation that accompanies kidney disorders, such as membranous nephropathy
  
  
• Antibiotics to control infection

Prevention of Nephrotic syndrome

Lifestyle and home remedies for Nephrotic syndrome

Your doctor may recommend changes in your diet. He or she may refer you to a dietitian to discuss diet changes. You may need to : -

• Limit your salt intake to help minimize fluid retention and swelling and to reduce your blood pressure
• Modify your diet to decrease your cholesterol and triglyceride levels
• Take vitamin D supplements

The list of of Nephrology Hospitals in India is as follows : -

	Apollo Hospitals, Bangalore, India
	Apollo Hospital, Chennai, India
	Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
	Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Delhi, India
	Apollo Gleneagles Hospital, Kolkata, India
	Apollo Hospital, Goa, India
	Wockhardt Hospital, Bangalore India
	Wockhardt Hospital, hyderabad, India
	Wockhardt Hospital, Mumbai, India
	Wockhardt Hospital and Kidney Institute, Kolkata, India
	Fortis Hospital, Delhi, India
	Fortis Hospital, Mohali, India
	Fortis Hospital, Noida, India
	Manipal Hospital, Bangalore, India
	Artemis Hospital, Gurgaon ( Delhi ) , India
	Max Super Specialty hospital, Delhi, India
	BGS Global Hospital, Bangalore, India
	BGS Global Hospital, Chennai, India
	BGS Global Hospital, Hyderabad, India

For more information, medical assessment and medical quote send your detailed medical history and medical reports as email attachment to Email : - info@wecareindia.com Call: +91 9029304141 (10 am. To 8 pm. IST) (Only for international patients seeking treatment in India)