A skin ulcer simply means a loss of a patch of skin, and in some cases, the tissues under the skin. There are many causes for this. In your case, the cause comes from the veins (draining blood pipes) just under the ulcer. Your veins are a little bigger than normal. These are called varicose veins because they look a bit like a wine bottle from ancient Greece (varix).
A varicose vein is a superficial (close to the surface) vein lying under the skin. It has swollen because of an overspill of blood from veins running deep in the muscles of the legs.
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This happens because certain valves that allow the blood to flow from the superficial to the deep veins of the leg, and not the other way around, are not working any more. The problems with your varicose veins are not their size, but the high pressure and sluggish flow of blood inside them. These cause aching, cramping, itching, staining of the skin, eczema and finally ulcers. The ulcers are often very painful. They can bleed and get infected. In the long term they can range from a minor handicap to possible serious illness. Most varicose ulcers will heal over time.
Treatment
If your varicose veins don't cause you any discomfort, you may decide not to have any treatment. If you do decide to have treatment, your doctor will explain your options to you and help you decide which treatment is best for you.
The most common treatment options are listed below : -
Non-surgical treatments
Compression stockings : - Compression stockings may relieve the swelling and aching of your legs but they won't prevent more varicose veins from developing. Compression stockings can help the blood in your veins to flow up towards your heart, and some people won't need any other treatment.
Surgery
Varicose vein surgery : - This involves removing any superficial veins which have become varicose veins. There are many types of operation you can have, depending on which veins need treatment. The most common is called ligation and stripping.
The operation is usually done as a day case under general anaesthesia. This means you will be asleep during the procedure.
Although many people won't need any further treatment after surgery, around three in 10 will develop more varicose veins within the next 10 years.
Sclerotherapy (liquid or foam) : - This involves injecting a chemical into your varicose veins which damages the veins, causing them to close. Liquid sclerotherapy is often used to treat smaller varicose veins. For larger veins, foam sclerotherapy is sometimes used.
The operation is usually done as a day case under local anaesthesia. This completely blocks feeling from the treatment area and you will stay awake during the operation.
You will be given compression stockings to wear after your treatment. Your doctor will advise you on how long you will need to wear them for.
Endovenous laser treatment : - This uses a fine laser which is passed inside your varicose vein. The laser heats the inside of your vein causing damage to the vein wall. This causes the vein to close.
The operation is usually done as a day case under general anaesthesia. This means you will be asleep during the procedure.
Radiofrequency ablation : - This involves using a high frequency electrical current to heat the wall of your varicose vein. This damages the vein causing it to close.
The operation is usually done as a day case under general anaesthesia. This means you will be asleep during the procedure.
Symptoms : -
aching or discomfort in your legs
itchy or restless legs
swelling of your ankles
lumps and blue or purple colouring under your skin
Complications
Thrombophlebitis : - your superficial veins can become painful and reddened due to inflammation or blockage of your veins.
Bleeding : - your varicose veins can bleed if you cut or bump your leg. You should raise your leg above the level of your heart and apply pressure to the bleeding area to help stop the bleeding.
Varicose eczema : - this is brown or purple discolouration of the skin that often becomes permanent.
Venous ulcers : - you can get ulcers when fluid leaks out of the varicose vein into the surrounding tissue.
Result
The list of of General Surgery Hospitals in India is as follows : -
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