The kidneys are two small organs located behind the abdomen, on each side of the spine. By producing urine, kidneys remove toxic by-products and excess fluids from the body, which helps maintain a critical balance of salt, potassium and acid.
A common condition affecting the kidneys is blockage of the ureters, the tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Blockages of the ureters can be present from birth or acquired through illness or injury, and can create serious side effects like infections and kidney stones. If left untreated, blockages can cause chronic pain and may damage the kidney over time.
Cancer, a second condition affecting the kidneys, can form in the small tubes inside the kidney, which are used for filtering blood, and in the center of the kidney where urine collects.
Non-cancerous kidney conditions involving a blockage can usually be treated by removing it; depending on the type of blockage, surgerymay be used. Kidney cancer, on the other hand, is relatively resistant to radiation and chemotherapy. As a result, the standard treatment for localized kidney cancer is removal of the kidney or kidney tumors.
Kidney surgery is traditionally performed using an open approach, which requires a large abdominal incision. Another approach, conventional laparoscopy, is less invasive, but limits the doctor's dexterity, visualization and control, compared to open surgery.
Surgical procedure for removal of kidney
The kidneys are organs in the body that perform vital functions and are necessary to maintain life. Typically, people are born with two kidneys, which are located in the middle of the back, one on each side of the spine. Most people associate the kidneys with urine production. In addition to making urine, the kidneys regulate the body's fluids, balance the body's chemicals, remove waste products from the body and release several hormones. Some diseases of the kidneys require total or partial removal of the kidney.
Laparoscopic Nephrectomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure performed to remove the kidney. Before the development of this minimally invasive approach, surgeons traditionally performed an "open" abdominal/flank incision 10 to 12 inches long that also required partial removal of a rib. The large incision contributed to a long hospital stay and lengthy recovery. Today surgeons use a minimally invasive approach and can perform the surgery laparoscopically. In the laparoscopic procedure, the surgeon makes four or five tiny incisions to the abdomen. The surgeon uses a laparoscope, a long slender instrument that contains a camera, to view the internal surgical field.
In some instances, one of the small incisions may be extended two to three inches to assist with the removal of the kidney. Many patients experience a minimal amount of pain/discomfort after surgery. When cleared by your physician you will be able to get out of bed and walk, begin to start eating, and shortly thereafter be discharged home.
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